Rapid economic growth, urbanization, and industrialization in the region have resulted in exponential annual power demand growth of 4–5%. At the same time, increasing price volatility and supply disruptions of coal and natural gas—major sources of baseload power in the region—pose significant challenges. While renewable energy generation is growing rapidly, integrating fluctuating renewables into the grid remains difficult due to limited reserve capacity and deficiencies in transmission infrastructure. Additionally, the rising cost of power supply and the impact on end-user tariffs or subsidies threaten the sustainability of power sector development in response to this accelerating demand.