Session 3.1: Embedding Equity in Energy Policy Frameworks

Energy policies set the architecture within which transitions unfold—determining who gains access to clean energy, on what terms, and at whose cost. This session examines how equity and justice principles can be meaningfully embedded in national and regional energy policy frameworks, moving beyond rhetoric toward measurable commitments and accountability mechanisms.

Presenters will share comparative evidence from Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Malaysia, where analysis of more than 100 energy-related policies through a just transition lens reveals where equity considerations are strongest and where significant gaps remain; new empirical findings from Bangladesh, Pakistan, China, and India on the gendered dimensions of energy access and use, demonstrating that energy transitions are not gender-neutral and that effective policy must account for differentiated needs, time use, and barriers; and an examination of how the Green Power Corridor Framework can help embed equity into the design of power connectivity projects by better reflecting the interests and perceptions of affected communities.